Рост мирового спроса на питьевую воду способствует поиску эффективных способов и методов очистки. Воздействие антропогенных факторов является причиной того, что источники питьевой воды все чаще подвергаются различным видам загрязнения. В общественных системах питьевой воды используются различные методы очистки для обеспечения населения безопасной и качественной питьевой водой. Однако они не всегда эффективны по удалению всех загрязняющих веществ, которые считаются опасными для окружающей среды и, следовательно, для человека. В качестве наиболее эффективного способа очистки предложено несколько альтернативных процессов очистки, таких как мембранная фильтрация. Цель представленной работы – научный обзор соединений – загрязнителей питьевой воды, процессов фильтрации и мембран, наиболее изученных и применяемых в процессе очистки воды Методы исследования – аналитический, обзорный, индукция, анализ научных публикаций. Тип полимера определяет физико-химические характеристики и рабочие характеристики мембран. Поэтому выбор полимера должен основываться на целевом применении. Тонкопленочные композитные (TFC) мембраны имеют лучшую удаляющую способность, чем обычные мембраны, хотя и работают при более высоких рабочих давлениях, что ограничивает их использование.
The growing global demand for drinking water contributes to the search for effective ways and methods of purification. The impact of anthropogenic factors is the reason that sources of drinking water are increasingly exposed to various types of pollution. Public drinking water systems use a variety of treatment methods to provide the public with safe and quality drinking water. However, they are not always effective in removing all contaminants that are considered hazardous to the environment and therefore to humans. Several alternative purification processes, such as membrane filtration, have been proposed as the most efficient purification method. The purpose of the presented work is a scientific review of drinking water pollutant compounds, filtration processes and membranes, the most studied and used in the process of water purification. Research methods – analytical, review, induction, analysis of scientific publications. The type of polymer determines the physicochemical characteristics and performance of the membranes. Therefore, the choice of polymer should be based on the intended application. Thin Film Composite (TFC) membranes have better removal capacity than conventional membranes, although they operate at higher operating pressures, which limits their use.
1. WHO/UNICEF. Drinking Water. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://data.unicef.org/topic/water-and-sanitation/drinking-water/ (дата обращения: 10.12.2021).
2. Kim S. et al. Removal of contaminants of emerging concern by membranes in water and wastewater: a review. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2018. Vol. 335. P. 896–914. DOI: 10.1016/J.CEJ.2017.11.044.
3. Taheran M. et al. Membrane processes for removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) from water and wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment. 2016. Vol. 547. P. 60–77. DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2015.12.139.
4. Hosseini S.S. et al. Recent progress in development of high performance polymeric membranes and materials for metal plating wastewater treatment: a review. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2016. Vol. 9. P. 78–110. DOI: 10.1016/J.JWPE.2015.11.005.
5. Rezakazemi M., Khajeh A., Mesbah M. Membrane filtration of wastewater from gas and oil production. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2018. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 367–388. DOI: 10.1007/s10311-017-0693-4.
6. Cai Z. et al. Application of nanotechnologies for removing pharmaceutically active compounds from water: development and future trends. Environmental Science: Nano. 2018. Vol. 5. No. 1. P. 27–47.
7. Ying Y. et al. Recent advances of nanomaterial-based membrane for water purification. Applied Materials Today. 2017. Vol. 7. P. 144–158. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.02.010.
8. Khraisheh M. et al. Recent progress on nanomaterial-based membranes for water treatment. Membranes. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 12. P. 995. DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120995.
9. Shahmirzadi M.A.A., Kargari A. Nanocomposite membranes. Emerging technologies for sustainable desalination handbook. Butterworth-Heinemann. 2018. P. 285–330.
10. Yin J., Deng B. Polymer-matrix nanocomposite membranes for water treatment. Journal of membrane science. 2015. Vol. 479. P. 256–275. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.11.019.
11. Werber J.R., Osuji C.O., Elimelech M. Materials for next-generation desalination and water purification membranes. Nature Reviews Materials. 2016. Vol. 1. No. 5. P. 1–15. DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.18.
12. Ji C. et al. Recent advances in high-performance TFC membranes: A review of the functional interlayers. Desalination. 2021. Vol. 500. P. 114869. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114869.
13. Mamba F.B., Mbuli B.S., Ramontja J. Recent Advances in Biopolymeric Membranes towards the Removal of Emerging Organic Pollutants from Water. Membranes. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 11. P. 798.
14. Siddique T., Dutta N.K., Choudhury N.R. Mixed-matrix membrane fabrication for water treatment. Membranes. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 8. P. 557. DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080557.
15. Tasselli F. Membrane Preparation Techniques. In Encyclopedia of Membranes; Drioli E., Giorno L. Eds. Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany. 2015. P. 1–3.
16. Ho?da A.K., Vankelecom I.F.J. Understanding and guiding the phase inversion process for synthesis of solvent resistant nanofiltration membranes. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2015. Vol. 132. No. 27. DOI: 10.1002/app.42130.
17. Esfahani M.R. et al. Nanocomposite membranes for water separation and purification: Fabrication, modification, and applications. Separation and Purification Technology. 2019. Vol. 213. P. 465–499. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.050.
18. Patel M. et al. Pharmaceuticals of emerging concern in aquatic systems: chemistry, occurrence, effects, and removal methods. Chemical reviews. 2019. Vol. 119. No. 6. P. 3510–3673. DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00299.
19. Maryam B. et al. A study on behavior, interaction and rejection of Paracetamol, Diclofenac and Ibuprofen (PhACs) from wastewater by nanofiltration membranes. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2020. Vol. 18. P. 100641. DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2020.100641.
20. Couto C.F. et al. Assessing potential of nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and membrane distillation drinking water treatment for pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) removal. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2020. Vol. 33. P. 101029. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101029.
21. Couto C.F., Lange L.C., Amaral M.C.S. A critical review on membrane separation processes applied to remove pharmaceutically active compounds from water and wastewater. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2018. Vol. 26. P. 156–175. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.10.010.
22. Kong F. et al. Assessment of the hindered transport model in predicting the rejection of trace organic compounds by nanofiltration. Journal of Membrane Science. 2016. Vol. 498. P. 57–66.
23. Dong L. et al. A thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane prepared on a support with in situ embedded zeolite nanoparticles. Separation and Purification Technology. 2016. Vol. 166. P. 230–239 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.04.043.
24. Basu S., Balakrishnan M. Polyamide thin film composite membranes containing ZIF-8 for the separation of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous streams. Separation and Purification Technology. 2017. Vol. 179. P. 118–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.01.061.
25. Nadour M., Boukraa F., Benaboura A. Removal of Diclofenac, Paracetamol and Metronidazole using a carbon-polymeric membrane. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2019. Vol. 7. No. 3. P. 103080. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2019.103080.
26. Ali J.K., Abi Jaoude M. Polyimide ultrafiltration membrane embedded with reline-functionalized nanosilica for the remediation of pharmaceuticals in water. Separation and PurificationTechnology. 2021. Vol. 266. P. 118585. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118585.
27. Zhou A. et al. Abatement of sulfadiazine in water under a modified ultrafiltration membrane (PVDF-PVP-TiO2-dopamine) filtration-photocatalysis system. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020. Т. 234. P. 116099. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116099.
28. Jun B.M. et al. Comprehensive evaluation of the removal mechanism of carbamazepine and ibuprofen by metal organic framework. Chemosphere. 2019. Vol. 235. P. 527–537.
29. Sewoon K. Hern?ndez-Maldonado A.J., Yoon Y. A metal organic framework-ultrafiltration hybrid system for removing selected pharmaceuticals and natural organic matter. Chem. Eng. J. 2020. Vol. 382. P. 122920. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.122920.
30. Wang Z. et al. Macroporous membranes doped with micro-mesoporous ?-cyclodextrin polymers for ultrafast removal of organic micropollutants from water. Carbohydrate polymers. 2019. Vol. 222. P. 114970. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.114970.
31. Mukherjee A. et al. Removal of multiple pesticide residues from water by low-pressure thin-film composite membrane. Applied Water Science. 2020. Vol. 10. No. 12. P. 1–8.
32. Kacprzy?ska-Go?acka J. et al. Microfiltration membranes modified with composition of titanium oxide and silver oxide by magnetron sputtering. Polymers. 2020. Vol. 13. No. 1. P. 141. DOI: 10.3390/polym13010141.
33. Wei X. et al. Removal of heavy metals from electroplating wastewater by thin-film composite nanofiltration hollow-fiber membranes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2013. Vol. 52. No. 49. P. 17583–17590.
34. Ghaemi N. et al. Polyethersulfone membrane enhanced with iron oxide nanoparticles for copper removal from water: Application of new functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2015. Vol. 263. P. 101–112.
35. Wu Q. et al. Sandwich structured membrane adsorber with metal organic frameworks for aflatoxin B1 removal. Separation and Purification Technology. 2020. Vol. 246. P. 116907.